对象的链式调用
问题
你想调用一个对象上的多个方法,但不想每次都引用该对象。
解决方案
在每次链式调用后返回 this(即@)对象
class CoffeeCup
constructor: ->
@properties=
strength: 'medium'
cream: false
sugar: false
strength: (newStrength) ->
@properties.strength = newStrength
this
cream: (newCream) ->
@properties.cream = newCream
this
sugar: (newSugar) ->
@properties.sugar = newSugar
this
morningCup = new CoffeeCup()
morningCup.properties # => { strength: 'medium', cream: false, sugar: false }
eveningCup = new CoffeeCup().strength('dark').cream(true).sugar(true)
eveningCup.properties # => { strength: 'dark', cream: true, sugar: true }
讨论
jquery 库使用类似的手段从每一个相似的方法中返回选择符对象,并在后续方法中通过调整选择的范围修改该对象:
$('p').filter('.topic').first()
对我们自己对象而言,一点点元编程就可以自动设置这个过程并明确声明返回 this 的意图。
addChainedAttributeAccessor = (obj, propertyAttr, attr) ->
obj[attr] = (newValues...) ->
if newValues.length == 0
obj[propertyAttr][attr]
else
obj[propertyAttr][attr] = newValues[0]
obj
class TeaCup
constructor: ->
@properties=
size: 'medium'
type: 'black'
sugar: false
cream: false
addChainedAttributeAccessor(this, 'properties', attr) for attr of @properties
earlgrey = new TeaCup().size('small').type('Earl Grey').sugar('false')
earlgrey.properties # => { size: 'small', type: 'Earl Grey', sugar: false }
earlgrey.sugar true
earlgrey.sugar() # => true